Transmission line relays — II

Line Protection with Overcurrent Relays

259 Lines are protected by overcurrent-, distance-, or pilot-relaying equipment, depending on the requirements. Overcurrent relaying is the simplest and cheapest, the most difficult to apply, and the quickest to need readjustment or even replacement as a system changes. It is generally used for phaseand ground-fault protection on station-service and distribution circuits in electric utility and...

power transmission line routing using nsga-ii algorithm

using new approaches to optimize the process of power transmission line routing can solve many complex problems which power transmission line routing decision-makers are faced. due to the expansion of involved parameters we can consider multi-objective evolutionary algorithms as appropriate method in this area. in this thesis with using multi-objective evolutionary algorithms nsga-ii and offere...

Long-range signal transmission in autocrine relays.

Intracellular signaling induced by peptide growth factors can stimulate secretion of these molecules into the extracellular medium. In autocrine and paracrine networks, this can establish a positive feedback loop between ligand binding and ligand release. When coupled to intercellular communication by autocrine ligands, this positive feedback can generate constant-speed traveling waves. To demo...

Distortionless Transmission Line

Deduce the differential equation for current (or voltage) in a two-conductor transmission line that is characterized by resistance R (summed over both conductors), inductance L, capacitance C and leakage conductance K, all defined per unit length. The leakage conductance describes the undesirable current Ileakage (per unit length) that flows directly from one conductor to the other across the d...

Collected Transmission-line Identities